Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): Used to formulate PCR/qPCR buffers, maintaining alkaline pH for polymerase activity.

Gel Electrophoresis: Preparation of Tris-based running and gel buffers (e.g., Tris-glycine systems) to ensure stable pH during protein separation.

Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis: Component for Tris-based DNA/RNA buffer systems, providing consistent pH during agarose gel runs.

Protein Purification: Buffering for anion exchange chromatography and protein elution at alkaline pH.

Enzyme Assays: Maintains alkaline conditions for enzymes with higher pH optima (e.g., alkaline phosphatase).

Western Blotting: Preparation of Tris-glycine transfer buffers for efficient protein transfer.

Sample Preparation and Lysis: Included in lysis and extraction buffers to stabilize proteins and macromolecules at alkaline pH.

General Buffer Preparation: pH control and buffering in a wide range of molecular biology and biochemistry workflows.