Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): Stock 1M Tris-HCl used to prepare PCR buffers at alkaline setpoints, maintaining optimal pH for thermostable polymerases.

Gel Electrophoresis: Component for preparing Tris-based running buffers (e.g., Tris-Glycine, Tris-Tricine) to provide stable pH during protein and nucleic acid separation.

Protein Purification: Used to formulate chromatography buffers (e.g., anion exchange) near pH 8.8–9.0 to maintain protein stability and binding/elution profiles.

Enzyme Assays: Provides alkaline buffering for assays requiring pH ~9 (e.g., alkaline phosphatase), ensuring consistent reaction conditions.

Nucleic Acid Preparation: Preparation of TE and wash buffers at pH 8–9 for DNA extraction, cleanup, and long-term DNA resuspension.

Western Blotting: Preparation of Tris-based transfer and running buffers at alkaline pH to support efficient protein transfer and separation.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Antigen Retrieval: Formulation of Tris-EDTA buffers at pH 9.0 for heat-induced epitope retrieval.

Cell and Bacterial Lysis Buffers: Component of Tris-based lysis buffers for cells and Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli.

Tris-Buffered Saline (TBS/TBST): Preparation of alkaline TBS/TBST variants for AP-based immunoassays and membrane washes.

General Reagent pH Adjustment: Convenient 1M stock for adjusting and maintaining alkaline pH in laboratory solutions.