Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): Used to prepare PCR and qPCR buffers, maintaining optimal pH for polymerase activity.

Gel Electrophoresis: Component of TAE/TBE buffers for agarose DNA gels and Tris-Glycine running buffer (pH ~8.3) for SDS-PAGE.

Western Blotting: Used in Tris-Glycine-Methanol transfer buffer (pH ~8.3) for efficient protein transfer.

Nucleic Acid Storage: Preparation of TE buffer (Tris-EDTA) for stable DNA/RNA storage.

Restriction Digests and Ligation: Provides stable pH conditions for restriction enzyme digestion and DNA ligation reactions.

Protein Purification: Utilized in ion-exchange and other chromatography buffers to maintain consistent pH during purification.

Enzyme Assays: Provides a reliable pH environment for enzymatic kinetics and activity measurements.