Defined Cultivation of Enteric Bacteria: Growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica under chemically defined conditions using 1X M9 Salts with 2% Glucose, 0.5µg/mL Thiamine, 1.0mM Magnesium Sulfate, and 0.1mM Calcium Chloride.

Genetic Selection and Screening: Selection of prototrophs/auxotrophs and metabolic mutants on a minimal, glucose-defined medium with controlled thiamine supplementation.

Recombinant Protein Expression: Expression in Escherichia coli under defined nutrient conditions to reduce media variability and acetate overflow.

Stable Isotope Labeling: Incorporation of 13C/15N by substituting labeled glucose or nitrogen sources in M9 for NMR/MS studies.

Metabolic and Physiology Studies: Quantitative growth curves, carbon utilization, and catabolite repression analyses using 2% Glucose in a minimal background.

Antibiotic and Plasmid Maintenance: Selection and maintenance of plasmids or markers in a defined medium to minimize confounding nutrients.

Phage Adsorption Assays: Studies requiring Mg2+ and Ca2+ for phage-host interactions using 1.0mM MgSO4 and 0.1mM CaCl2.

Preparation of Minimal Agar Plates: Formulation of M9 minimal plates (with added agar) for colony isolation and nutritional selection.