Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR/qPCR/RT-PCR): Supplies Mg2+ cofactor to DNA/RNA polymerases, optimizing activity, specificity, and yield in 1M Magnesium Chloride–titrated reactions.

Isothermal Amplification (LAMP/RPA): Provides essential Mg2+ for strand-displacing polymerases and reaction fidelity.

Restriction Enzyme Digests: Delivers required Mg2+ for endonuclease activity and efficient DNA cleavage.

DNA Ligation and End-Repair: Supplies Mg2+ for ligases and end-repair enzymes when buffer supplementation or optimization is needed.

In Vitro Transcription/Translation: Supports T7/T3/SP6 RNA polymerases and ribosomal function through controlled Mg2+ levels.

Nuclease Assays: Enables DNase I, RNase H, and other Mg2+-dependent nuclease activities.

Kinase/Phosphatase/ATPase Assays: Acts as a divalent cation cofactor for ATP-dependent enzymes and phosphotransfer reactions.

Transformation Media Supplementation (SOC/SOB): Enhances recovery and transformation efficiency in Escherichia coli and other bacteria when added as a sterile 1M Magnesium Chloride stock.

Ribosome and Polysome Stabilization: Maintains ribosomal integrity during cell lysis, chromatography, and profiling workflows.

Nucleic Acid Hybridization/Annealing: Modulates duplex stability and stringency in hybridization and probe-based assays.

Protein/Nucleic Acid Crystallography: Serves as an additive to promote crystal formation and stabilize metal-dependent active sites.