Blue/White Colony Screening: Alpha-complementation of lacZ using IPTG and Bluo-gal to distinguish recombinant from non-recombinant colonies in E. coli.

Triple-Antibiotic Selection: Simultaneous selection of plasmids carrying kanamycin, gentamicin, and tetracycline resistance markers.

Co-transformation and Multi-Plasmid Maintenance: Stable propagation of multiple compatible plasmids within the same E. coli host.

Recombinant Clone Verification: Colony screening and picking for downstream Sanger sequencing or NGS.

Library Construction and Screening: Selection and colorimetric screening of cloning, mutagenesis, and directed evolution libraries in Escherichia coli/E. coli.

CRISPR/Cas Plasmid Selection: Maintenance and screening of CRISPR editing or interference vectors with appropriate resistance cassettes in E. coli.

Reporter and Promoter Assays: Plate-based IPTG induction for lac-regulated reporters (e.g., LacZ) to assess construct function prior to liquid culture.

Strain and Plasmid Stability Testing: Assessment of plasmid retention and compatibility under combined antibiotic pressure.

Conjugation/Transfer Selection: Post-conjugation selection of transconjugants carrying resistance-marked plasmids in E. coli.