Antibody Elution (Protein A/G Affinity Chromatography): Low-pH elution of antibodies from Protein A/G resins; neutralize immediately after elution.

Immunoprecipitation Elution: Releases antigen–antibody complexes for downstream SDS-PAGE, Western blot, or MS analysis.

Acid Stripping of Cell-Surface Binders: Brief pH 3.0 washes to dissociate bound antibodies/ligands from cell surfaces without enzymatic treatment.

Anion-Exchange Chromatography: Low-pH elution/pH-shift steps to reduce protein negative charge and promote elution.

Immune Complex Dissociation: Acid dissociation prior to immunoassays (e.g., ligand–receptor or antibody–antigen rebinding studies).

Sample Acidification for Mass Spectrometry: Stabilizes peptides and suppresses proteolysis prior to LC–MS/MS.

Protein Crystallography Screens: Provides a defined acidic environment (100 mM glycine, pH 3.0) for condition scouting.

Buffer Exchange/Dialysis: Maintains samples at pH 3.0 during formulation or desalting steps.

Bioprocess Low-pH Holds: Controlled low-pH steps in purification workflows requiring sterile, endotoxin-tested buffer.

ELISA/Plate-Based Workflows: Acidic washes or stripping steps to remove loosely bound antibodies between assays.