Bacterial Plasmid Selection: Antibiotic selection on agar and in broth to isolate transformants carrying chloramphenicol-resistance plasmids in E. coli and other bacteria.

Plasmid Maintenance: Sustains selection pressure during culture expansion and workflows to retain vectors in E. coli.

Recombinant Protein Expression: Preserves expression plasmids during induction and scale-up in E. coli cultures.

Cloning and Library Construction: Selection of colonies and maintenance of DNA libraries in E. coli-based workflows.

Plasmid Amplification (Chloramphenicol Amplification): Increases yield of certain ColE1-type high-copy plasmids prior to DNA purification.

Translation Inhibition Studies: Inhibits prokaryotic ribosomes to study protein synthesis; also used to inhibit mitochondrial/chloroplast translation in eukaryotic and plant systems.

Genome Engineering Workflows: Selection using chloramphenicol resistance cassettes in strains such as E. coli and Bacillus subtilis.