Microbial Culture Supplementation: Primary carbon source for growth in defined and complex media (e.g., M9, TB) for Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and other microbes.

Fed-Batch Fermentation Feeds: Controlled glucose feeding to optimize biomass and recombinant protein production while minimizing overflow metabolism.

Minimal Media Preparation: Used to formulate glucose-defined media (e.g., M9-glucose) for selection, physiology, and metabolic studies.

SOC/SOB Media Preparation: Added to SOC/SOB for post-transformation recovery of Escherichia coli to enhance viability and expression.

Mammalian Cell Culture: Supplementation of media (e.g., DMEM) to adjust glucose concentration for energy metabolism and viability studies.

Catabolite Repression Studies: Modulates cAMP-CRP and represses the lac operon in Escherichia coli for controlled gene expression experiments.

Enzyme Assays and Standards: Substrate for hexokinase/glucose oxidase assays and preparation of calibration standards.

Metabolic and Growth Kinetics: Titration of carbon availability to study uptake rates, yield coefficients, and overflow metabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other bacteria.

Osmolality Adjustment: Fine-tunes osmolality in microbial and cell culture buffers without introducing additional ions.