Viral Vector Purification (AAV, Lentivirus, Adenovirus): Used to create continuous or step density gradients for high-yield, high-purity viral vector isolation; phenol red aids visual monitoring during gradient prep and fractionation.

Extracellular Vesicle/Exosome Isolation: Enables density-based separation of EVs from biofluids or cell culture with iso-osmotic conditions that preserve vesicle integrity.

Organelle and Membrane Fractionation: Separates nuclei, mitochondria, endosomes, peroxisomes, Golgi, and plasma membrane microdomains in intact, functional states.

Lipoprotein Separation: Isolates HDL, LDL, and VLDL from serum/plasma using buoyant density differences.

Ultracentrifugation Cushions: Serves as a 60% iodixanol cushion for concentrating and clarifying viral particles and macromolecular assemblies.

Ribosome/Polysome and RNP Complex Analysis: Resolves ribosomal subunits, polysomes, and RNPs by density gradient centrifugation for downstream biochemical analyses.

Nuclei and Chromatin Isolation: Provides gentle, iso-osmotic gradients for isolating intact nuclei and chromatin complexes.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle (OMV) Purification: Facilitates density-based isolation of OMVs and membranes from Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and related species.

Viral Integrity and Infectivity Studies: Maintains near-physiological osmolarity during purification to preserve capsid integrity and infectivity, while 0.002% phenol red provides pH indication.