Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation: Forms iso-osmotic iodixanol gradients (from a 25% stock in 1X PBS, 1 mM MgCl2, 2.5 mM KCl) for purification of viruses, extracellular vesicles, and organelles.

AAV Purification: Step or continuous gradients to separate full/empty capsids and remove protein/DNA impurities.

Adenovirus/Lentivirus Purification: Concentration and cleanup of viral preparations with minimal loss of infectivity.

Extracellular Vesicle Isolation: Exosome and microvesicle purification with high recovery and low osmotic stress.

Subcellular Organelle Fractionation: Isolation of mitochondria, peroxisomes, endosomes, and nuclei while preserving function.

Lipoprotein Separation: Resolution of VLDL, LDL, and HDL by buoyant density.

Membrane/Lipid Raft Isolation: Detergent-free separation of membrane microdomains for proteomic and signaling studies.

Virus Cushioning: Iodixanol underlay cushions for concentrating viral particles during ultracentrifugation.