SDS-PAGE Sample Preparation: Denatures proteins and imparts a uniform negative charge for size-based separation.

Gel Electrophoresis: Used to formulate SDS-PAGE gels and running buffers for consistent protein separation.

Western Blotting: Included in sample/loading and transfer buffers to maintain protein denaturation during blotting.

Cell Lysis and Nucleic Acid Extraction: Disrupts cell membranes and inactivates nucleases for DNA/RNA isolation from organisms such as Escherichia coli.

Plasmid Miniprep (Alkaline Lysis): Combined with NaOH to lyse cells and release plasmid DNA.

Membrane Protein Solubilization: Solubilizes hydrophobic and membrane proteins for downstream analysis.

Enzyme Inactivation: Irreversibly denatures proteins to terminate enzymatic reactions.

Chromatin and Protein Extraction: Used in lysis buffers for ChIP, IP, and whole-cell extract preparation.

RNase/DNase Inactivation: Helps inactivate nucleases during RNA and DNA purification workflows.

Laboratory Equipment Cleaning: Acts as a detergent to remove proteinaceous residues from gel apparatus and glassware.