SDS-PAGE (Bis-Tris gels): Running buffer for denaturing protein electrophoresis, using 1 M MOPS/1 M Tris for stable pH and 69.3 mM SDS with 20.5 mM EDTA for consistent protein migration.

Western Blot Workflows: Used during the gel run step prior to transfer, enabling clear resolution of proteins for subsequent immunodetection.

Protein Expression and Purification Analysis: Evaluates cell lysates and chromatographic fractions by SDS-PAGE to assess protein yield and purity.

Molecular Weight Estimation: Provides reproducible band separation for accurate sizing of proteins with pre-stained markers.

Membrane Protein and Difficult Targets: Facilitates denaturing separation of hydrophobic or aggregation-prone proteins due to SDS content.

Quality Control of Recombinant Proteins: Confirms integrity and detects degradation or multimerization under reducing/denaturing conditions.

Use with Pre-cast Bis-Tris Gels: Optimized for commercial Bis-Tris systems (e.g., MOPS-based gels) to achieve sharp, well-resolved bands.