Routine Cultivation: Growth and maintenance of Escherichia coli and other enteric bacteria for general microbiology.

Plasmid Amplification: Propagation of plasmids in E. coli for cloning and DNA prep workflows.

Antibiotic Selection: Selection and enrichment of transformants in liquid culture or on LB agar with antibiotics.

Transformation Recovery: Outgrowth of chemically competent or electroporated E. coli prior to plating or selection.

Starter and Overnight Cultures: Preparation of inocula for larger-scale cultures and downstream applications.

Protein Expression (Small-Scale): Culturing recombinant E. coli for test expressions and screening.

Strain Preservation: Preparation of glycerol stocks and routine strain maintenance.

Blue-White Screening: Colony screening on LB agar supplemented with IPTG/X-Gal and antibiotics.

Phage Work: Bacteriophage propagation and assays with appropriate supplements (e.g., Mg2+, maltose).

General Teaching and QC: Standard bacterial growth medium for instructional labs and process controls.