Bacterial Cultivation: Routine growth and maintenance of non-fastidious bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.

Colony Isolation: Streaking to obtain single colonies for pure culture establishment.

CFU Enumeration: Spread or spot plating to quantify viable cell counts from cultures or samples.

Molecular Cloning/Transformation: Plating transformants for selection and screening when supplemented with appropriate antibiotics and additives.

Plasmid Workflows: Picking colonies for plasmid propagation, minipreps, and downstream sequencing.

Phage Assays: Base plates for bacteriophage plaque assays using soft-agar overlays.

Replica Plating: Transferring colony arrays to selective media for phenotype/genotype screening.

Blue-White Screening: Identification of recombinant clones when supplemented with X-gal and IPTG.

Antibiotic Selection: Non-selective LB base used with antibiotics to select for resistant transformants or transconjugants.

High-Density Library Screening: Large 150 mm plates used for colony libraries, mutant screens, and picking campaigns.