Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (DNA/RNA): Used as an EDTA-free running and casting buffer (diluted to 1X) for nucleic acid separation.

Gel Preparation and Buffer Dilution: Diluted from 10X to 1X to cast agarose gels and fill electrophoresis tanks with consistent Tris-acetate pH.

Nucleic Acid Blotting (Southern/Northern): Serves as the electrophoresis buffer prior to membrane transfer, maintaining band integrity.

DNA Fragment Recovery and Downstream Enzymes: Facilitates post-gel ligation, PCR, or restriction digestion by avoiding EDTA that can chelate Mg2+.

Nucleic Acid Handling and Dilution: Provides pH-stable, EDTA-free conditions for short-term DNA/RNA dilution and sample preparation.