Bacterial Cultivation: General growth and maintenance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and other non-fastidious bacteria.

Plasmid Amplification: Culturing transformants for high-yield plasmid prep (mini/midi/maxi).

Antibiotic Selection: Selection and enrichment of recombinant strains in LB + antibiotic.

Recombinant Protein Expression: Expression of heterologous proteins in E. coli shake-flask cultures.

Overnight/Starter Cultures: Inoculation of starter and overnight cultures for downstream workflows (PCR templates, sequencing, cloning).

Transformation Recovery: Outgrowth of chemically competent or electrocompetent E. coli post-transformation.

Glycerol Stock Preparation: Growth prior to cryopreservation of bacterial strains.

LB Agar Plate Preparation: Base medium for LB agar plates when supplemented with agar.

Bacteriophage Work: Propagation and titering of phages (e.g., M13, T7) using E. coli hosts.

Growth Curves and Enumeration: Measuring OD600 for growth kinetics and CFU workflows.

Strain Maintenance: Routine passaging and short-term storage of lab strains.

Competent Cell Preparation: Pre-culture growth for preparing competent E. coli cells.