Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): Used in PCR and qPCR master mixes and dilutions to maintain pH 8.0 for optimal polymerase activity.

Gel Electrophoresis: Component in TAE/TBE and Tris-Glycine buffers for agarose and SDS-PAGE, ensuring stable pH during nucleic acid and protein separation.

Protein Purification: Buffering for ion-exchange chromatography (e.g., anion exchange) and affinity purifications to stabilize proteins during binding and elution.

Enzyme Assays: Maintains consistent pH for enzymatic kinetics, inhibitor studies, and activity assays.

Western Blotting: Used in Tris-Glycine transfer buffers and wash buffers to support efficient protein transfer and consistent signal.

Nucleic Acid Workflows: Buffering for DNA/RNA extraction, cleanup, and resuspension to preserve integrity at pH 8.0.

Sample Preparation and Cell Lysis: Included in lysis and wash buffers to maintain protein and nucleic acid stability.

GMP Manufacturing and QC: Large-volume, sterile Tris-HCl for preparing validated buffers at scale in regulated workflows.